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NAME
     mk - remake the binary system and commands from source code

DESCRIPTION
     All source code for the UNIX system is  distributed  in  the
     directory  /usr/src.  The  directory tree rooted at /usr/src
     includes source code for the  operating  system,  libraries,
     commands,  miscellaneous data files necessary for the system
     and procedures to transform this source code into an execut-
     able system.

     Within the /usr/src directory are the cmd, lib,  uts,  head,
     and  stand  directories,  as  well as commands to remake the
     parts  of  the  system  found  under  each  of  these   sub-
     directories.  These  commands are named :mk and :mkdir where
     dir is the name of the directory to be  recreated.  Each  of
     these  :mkdir commands rebuilds all or part of the directory
     it is responsible for. The :mk  command  runs  each  of  the
     other commands in order and thus recreates the whole system.
     The :mk command is distributed only to  source  code  licen-
     sees.

     Each command, with its associated  directory,  is  described
     below.

     :mklib
           The lib directory contains the  source  code  for  the
           system libraries. The most important of these is the C
           library. Each library is in its own sub-directory.  If
           any arguments are specified on the :mklib command line
           then only the given libraries are rebuilt.  The  argu-
           ment \* causes it to rebuild all libraries found under
           the lib directory.

     :mkhead
           The head directory contains the source  code  versions
           of  the  headers  found in the /usr/include directory.
           The :mkhead command  installs  the  headers  given  as
           arguments.  The  argument  \* causes it to install all
           headers.

     :mkuts
           The uts directory contains the  source  code  for  the
           UNIX  Operating  System.  The  :mkuts command takes no
           arguments and  invokes  a  series  of  makefiles  that
           recreates the operating system.

           Associated with the  operating  system  is  a  set  of
           headers  that  describe  the  user  interface  to  the
           operating system. The  source  for  these  headers  is
           found  in  a  sub-directory  within  the uts directory
           tree. The user-accessible versions  of  these  headers
           are  found  in  the  /usr/include/sys  directory.  The
           :mksyshead command installs  these  headers  into  the
           /usr/include/sys directory.

     :mkstand
           The stand directory contains stand-alone commands  and
           boot  programs.  The  :mkstand  command  rebuilds  and
           installs these programs. Note that  these  stand-alone
           programs are only applicable to the DEC processors and
           are not built for any other machine.

     :mkcmd
           The cmd directory contains the source code for all the
           commands  available on the system. There are two types
           of entries within the cmd  directory:  commands  whose
           source  code consists of only one file with one of the
           following suffixes: .l, .y, .c, .s,  .sh,  or  a  sub-
           directory that contains the multiple source files that
           comprise a particular command or subsystem. Each  sub-
           directory is assumed to have a makefile (see make(1S))
           with the name command .mk that takes care of  creating
           everything  associated  with  that  directory  and its
           sub-directories.

           The :mkcmd command transforms source code into an exe-
           cutable command based on a set of predefined rules. If
           the :mkcmd command encounters a  sub-directory  within
           the  cmd  directory then it runs the makefile found in
           that sub-directory. If no makefile is  found  then  an
           error  is  reported.  For  single-file  commands,  the
           predefined rules are dependent on the file's suffix. C
           programs  (.c)  are  compiled  by  the  C compiler and
           loaded stripped with shared  text.  Assembly  language
           programs  (.s) are assembled and loaded stripped. Yacc
           programs (.y) and lex programs (.l) are  processed  by
           yacc()  and  lex() respectively, before C compilation.
           Shell programs (.sh) are copied to create the command.
           Each of these operations leaves a command in the ./cmd
           directory  which  is  then  installed  into  a   user-
           accessible directory by using /usr/sbin/install.

           The arguments to :mkcmd are either  command  names  or
           subsystem  names. Some subsystems distributed with the
           UNIX system are: acct, graf, sgs, sccs, and text. Pre-
           facing  the  :mkcmd  command with an assignment to the
           shell variable $ARGS causes the  indicated  components
           of the subsystem to be rebuilt.

     For example, the entire sccs subsystem can be rebuilt by:



          /usr/src/:mkcmd sccs


     while the delta component of sccs can be rebuilt by:


          ARGS="delta" /usr/src/:mkcmd sccs


     The log command, which is a part of the stat package,  which
     is itself a part of the graf package, can be rebuilt by:


          ARGS="stat log" /usr/src/:mkcmd graf


     The argument \* causes all commands  and  subsystems  to  be
     rebuilt.

     Makefiles throughout the system, and particularly in the cmd
     directory,  have  a  standard  format. In particular, :mkcmd
     depends on each makefile having target entries  for  install
     and clobber. The install target should cause everything over
     which  the  makefile  has  jurisdiction  to  be  built   and
     installed  by  /usr/sbin/install.  The clobber target should
     cause a complete cleanup of all unnecessary files  resulting
     from  the  previous  invocation.  The  commands that use the
     CLOBBER environment variable are :mkcmd, :mklib, and :mkuts.
     These commands all check the CLOBBER variable before execut-
     ing make clobber. If this variable is set to OFF, then  make
     clobber  is not performed.  If the variable is not set or is
     set to anything other than OFF, the  make  clobber  is  per-
     formed.

     An effort has been made to separate the creation of  a  com-
     mand from source and its installation on the running system.
     The command /usr/sbin/install is used  by  :mkcmd  and  most
     makefiles to install commands in standard directories on the
     system. The use of install allows maximum flexibility in the
     administration of the system. The install command makes very
     few assumptions about where a command is located,  who  owns
     it,  and  what  modes  are in effect. All assumptions may be
     overridden on invocation of the command, or more permanently
     by  redefining  a  few  variables in install. The purpose of
     install is to install a new version of a command in the same
     place, with the same attributes as the prior version.

     In addition, the use of a separate command to  perform  ins-
     tallation  allows  for the creation of test systems in other
     than standard places, easy movement of commands  to  balance
     load, and independent maintenance of makefiles.

SEE ALSO
     make(1S) install(1M),

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